Political Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Political Theory - Essay Example After chute of Feudalism, and the Renaissance era, in the 15-16th centuries, there was even a spiritual Revolution in Europe, mostly in France, after the religious wars between Catholics and Protestants, before French Revolution there was an era for few decades called Elucidation. The representatives of that new steam called Spiritualists, such as Montesquieu and Jean Jacques Rousseau influenced very much the political system of France and contributed to Revolution. It was thus the era of Spirit and Letters, mentality on political theory changed little by little, and mental horizon of people by means of these theories got wider, and by means of French Revolution, the whole political and social system were about to change. Rousseau, among books that he wrote, was, â€Å"The Spirit of Law† and â€Å"Social Contract†, two similar books in which he treats Monarchy and Sovereignty as systems that limit freedom of people, thus social freedom, by means of law.As social freedom is based on natural law, monarchs who apply the law, being the responsible and competent ones to apply may limit freedom, against individual real freedom. In his book ‘’Social Contract’’, he cites: â€Å"How would we like a political system? Would Social contract ensure individual freedom, or am I about to limit one’s natural freedom, based on natural law? Then he moreover claims that the monarchy system is what contributes to Constitution of Social Contract, whereas anybody would sacrifice his/her own freedom for the sake of society†.†. And also, within society, all people are correlated and interrelated, within predetermined relationships, which define individual’s social role, in advance, then individual is just â€Å"a unit† condemned to social freedom the way it is in society, and his social being and substance are defined by means of this system. Individuals by sharing â€Å"common charge† in regard to their social role, are thus forced to obey to laws of sovereign, in all terms, such as political, social, financial and cultural, what composes the ever existing political and social system, the one of capitalism, and

Internet Banking at Citibank UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internet Banking at Citibank UK - Essay Example Marketers are now focusing on existing customer development rather than just new customer acquisition. Major changes have occurred in the traditional view of customer defection rates, most noticeably in the banking industry where churn has increased from -10 percent in 2003 to almost +20 percent by 2005. These studies showed that the supposedly massive rates of customer inertia in banking is no longer a given. Banks need to fight for every customer, not only to capture each one but, more importantly, to retain them. One economic justification for this mindset change was the research finding that â€Å"it can cost five times more to obtain a new customer than to keep an existing one†. What started the trend towards customer loyalty was Reichheld who found that a 5 percent increase in loyalty can lead to a 25 to 85 percent increase in profitability.On the contrary, Reinartz and Kumar argued that whilst serving customers over a long period may be beneficial, long-term customers m ay not necessarily be profitable, and that managers should not equate customer retention with increased lifetime spending, decreased cost of service, and lower price sensitivity. They concluded that companies should study if long-term customers stay profitable, implying that if they are not, the business must jettison those customers who eat into profits.These were the concepts in our mind when we decided, exploring its look and feel and the products offered, and evaluating the over-all Internet-based customer experience.